Rock attacks are most effective against Fire, Ice, Flying and Bug
Pokémon.
Rock attacks are weakest against Fighting and Ground Pokémon. There
aren't all that many of these guys around, so the weaknesses aren't so
bad. However...
Rock attacks suck. They are inaccurate and weak. Many Rock Pokémon
can't even learn these moves, making them even less useful, because they
can't take advantage of the type benefit. Rock Slide is not a good choice
to add to your non-Rock Pokémon as a TM, even if it has a good Attack
score, unless you are specifically looking for an attack that is effective
against a Charizard,
Articuno,
Butterfree, or other doubly
vulnerable Pokémon.
(To be fair, it should be noted that two of the three legendary birds
take four times regular damage from Rock attacks. Additionally Articuno
and Zapdos take only regular damage
to Ice and Electric attacks, respectively, which are typically strong
against Flying Pokémon. So if you've got a legendary bird problem, Rock
Slide might be your answer.)
However, Water Pokémon are common, and can take care of Fire Pokémon
for you. A good Fire Pokémon can easily take out Ice and Bug Pokémon,
while a nice Thunderbolt can deal with
most Flying Pokémon you might encounter. In short, you probably don't need
any Rock attacks on your team, and even if you wanted one, a more solid
attack of another type could probably do at least an equivalent job.
If you really love your Rock Pokémon and don't want to give him up,
Rock Slide won't be totally useless, but you'd still probably be better
off with a nice Body Slam or Earthquake. Since there are no pure Rock
Pokémon, it is likely that you will have a better elemental choice as
well.
Another possible usage of Rock attacks is against Ghost Pokémon. Since
defense against Rock attacks is based on the Defense statistic and the
Gastly series have considerably lower
Defense scores than Special scores, Rock attacks are a good way to get
past both their immunity to Normal and Fighting Attacks and their high
Specials. However, if your Pokémon has access to a good Ground (or Flying)
attack, that would be a better choice.
None.